منابع مشابه
Overconfidence, Incentives and Digit Ratio
This paper contributes to a better understanding of the biological underpinnings of overconfidence by analyzing performance predictions in the Cognitive Reflection Test with and without monetary incentives. In line with the existing literature we find that the participants are too optimistic about their performance on average; incentives lead to higher performance; and males score higher than f...
متن کاملDigit ratio (2D:4D) in Klinefelter's syndrome.
The ratio of second to fourth digit length (2D:4D) is a correlate of prenatal testosterone. High 2D:4D is associated with low prenatal testosterone, and reduced sensitivity to testosterone. Klinefelter's syndrome (KS; 47 XXY) affects the endocrine system, such that low testosterone levels are found in KS foetuses, new-borns and adults. To date, there are no published data regarding the pattern ...
متن کامل2nd to 4th digit ratio and offspring sex ratio.
There is evidence that the ratio of the length of the 2nd and 4th digit (2D:4D) is negatively related to prenatal and adult concentrations of testosterone. It has also been reported that high levels of testosterone at conception in both fathers and mothers are associated with an increased sex ratio (proportion of males at birth). It follows from these observations that low values of 2D:4D may b...
متن کاملThe Ratio of Second to Fourth Digit Length (2D:4D) in Children with Autistic Disorder
Introduction Emerging hypotheses suggest a causal role for prenatal androgen exposure in some cases of Autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The ratios of the lengths of the bones of the 2nd to the 4th digits (2D:4D) are purported to be markers for prenatal androgen exposure and to be established early in gestation. Ratio of second and fourth digits (2D:4D) is usually used as a proxy for prenatal t...
متن کاملSecond-to-fourth digit ratio and facial shape in boys: the lower the digit ratio, the more robust the face.
During human ontogeny, testosterone has powerful organizational and activational effects on the male organism. This has led to the hypothesis that the prenatal environment (as studied through the second-to-fourth digit ratio, 2D : 4D) is not only associated with robust adult male faces that are perceived as dominant and masculine, but also that there is an activational step during puberty. To t...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology
سال: 2008
ISSN: 1932-8486,1932-8494
DOI: 10.1002/ar.20769